7:06 a.m.
Hello,
I have cluster with AMD EPYC 7351 cpu. Two CPUs per node. I have performance
8-NUMA configuration:
This is from hypervizor:
[root@hde10 ~]# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 64
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-63
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 16
Socket(s): 2
NUMA node(s): 8
Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD
CPU family: 23
Model: 1
Model name: AMD EPYC 7351 16-Core Processor
Stepping: 2
CPU MHz: 1800.000
CPU max MHz: 2400.0000
CPU min MHz: 1200.0000
BogoMIPS: 4800.05
Virtualization: AMD-V
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 64K
L2 cache: 512K
L3 cache: 8192K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3,32-35
NUMA node1 CPU(s): 4-7,36-39
NUMA node2 CPU(s): 8-11,40-43
NUMA node3 CPU(s): 12-15,44-47
NUMA node4 CPU(s): 16-19,48-51
NUMA node5 CPU(s): 20-23,52-55
NUMA node6 CPU(s): 24-27,56-59
NUMA node7 CPU(s): 28-31,60-63
I'm running one big virtual on this hypervizor - almost whole memory + all
physical CPUs.
This is what I'm seeing inside:
root@zenon10:~# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 32
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-31
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 4
Socket(s): 8
NUMA node(s): 8
Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD
CPU family: 23
Model: 1
Model name: AMD EPYC 7351 16-Core Processor
Stepping: 2
CPU MHz: 2400.000
BogoMIPS: 4800.00
Virtualization: AMD-V
Hypervisor vendor: KVM
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 64K
L1i cache: 64K
L2 cache: 512K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3
NUMA node1 CPU(s): 4-7
NUMA node2 CPU(s): 8-11
NUMA node3 CPU(s): 12-15
NUMA node4 CPU(s): 16-19
NUMA node5 CPU(s): 20-23
NUMA node6 CPU(s): 24-27
NUMA node7 CPU(s): 28-31
This is virtual node configuration: (i tried different numatune settings but
it was still the same)
<domain type='kvm'
xmlns:qemu='http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/qemu/1.0'>
<name>one-55782</name>
<vcpu><![CDATA[32]]></vcpu>
<cputune>
<shares>32768</shares>
</cputune>
<memory>507904000</memory>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64'>hvm</type>
</os>
<devices>
<emulator><![CDATA[/usr/bin/kvm]]></emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<source
file='/opt/opennebula/var/datastores/108/55782/disk.0'/>
<target dev='vda'/>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'
cache='unsafe'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<source
file='/opt/opennebula/var/datastores/108/55782/disk.1'/>
<target dev='vdc'/>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'
cache='unsafe'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<source
file='/opt/opennebula/var/datastores/108/55782/disk.2'/>
<target dev='vdd'/>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'
cache='unsafe'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<source
file='/opt/opennebula/var/datastores/108/55782/disk.3'/>
<target dev='vde'/>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'
cache='unsafe'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<source
file='/opt/opennebula/var/datastores/108/55782/disk.4'/>
<target dev='vdb'/>
<readonly/>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
</disk>
<interface type='bridge'>
<source bridge='br0'/>
<mac address='02:00:93:fb:3b:78'/>
<target dev='one-55782-0'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
<filterref filter='no-arp-mac-spoofing'>
<parameter name='IP'
value='147.251.59.120'/>
</filterref>
</interface>
</devices>
<features>
<pae/>
<acpi/>
</features>
<!-- RAW data follows: -->
<cpu mode='host-passthrough'><topology sockets='8'
cores='4' threads='1'/><numa><cell cpus='0-3'
memory='62000000' /><cell cpus='4-7' memory='62000000'
/><cell cpus='8-11' memory='62000000' /><cell
cpus='12-15' memory='62000000' /><cell cpus='16-19'
memory='62000000' /><cell cpus='20-23' memory='62000000'
/><cell cpus='24-27' memory='62000000' /><cell
cpus='28-31' memory='62000000' /></numa></cpu>
<cputune><vcpupin vcpu='0' cpuset='0' /><vcpupin
vcpu='1' cpuset='2' /><vcpupin vcpu='2' cpuset='4'
/><vcpupin vcpu='3' cpuset='6' /><vcpupin vcpu='4'
cpuset='8' /><vcpupin vcpu='5' cpuset='10' /><vcpupin
vcpu='6' cpuset='12' /><vcpupin vcpu='7' cpuset='14'
/><vcpupin vcpu='8' cpuset='16' /><vcpupin vcpu='9'
cpuset='18' /><vcpupin vcpu='10' cpuset='20'
/><vcpupin vcpu='11' cpuset='22' /><vcpupin vcpu='12'
cpuset='24' /><vcpupin vcpu='13' cpuset='26'
/><vcpupin vcpu='14' cpuset='28' /><vcpupin vcpu='15'
cpuset='30' /><vcpupin vcpu='16' cpuset='1' /><vcpupin
vcpu='17' cpuset='3' /><vcpupin vcpu='18' cpuset='5'
/><vcpupin vcpu='19' cpuset='7' /><vcpupin vcpu='20'
cpuset='9' /><vcpupin vcpu='21' cpuset='11' /><vcpupin
vcpu='22' cpuset='13' /><vcpupin vcpu='23'
cpuset='15' /><vcpupin vcpu='24' cpuset='17'
/><vcpupin vcpu='25' cpuset='19' /><vcpupin vcpu='26'
cpuset='21' /><vcpupin vcpu='27' cpuset='23'
/><vcpupin vcpu='28' cpuset='25' /><vcpupin vcpu='29'
cpuset='27' /><vcpupin vcpu='30' cpuset='29'
/><vcpupin vcpu='31' cpuset='31' /></cputune>
<numatune><memory mode='preferred'
nodeset='0'/></numatune>)
<devices><serial type='pty'><target
port='0'/></serial><console type='pty'><target
type='serial' port='0'/></console><channel
type='pty'><target type='virtio'
name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/></channel></devices>
<devices><hostdev mode='subsystem' type='pci'
managed='yes'><source><address domain='0x0' bus='0x11'
slot='0x0'
function='0x1'/></source></hostdev></devices>
<devices><controller type='pci' index='1'
model='pci-bridge'/><controller type='pci' index='2'
model='pci-bridge'/><controller type='pci' index='3'
model='pci-bridge'/><controller type='pci' index='4'
model='pci-bridge'/><controller type='pci' index='5'
model='pci-bridge'/></devices>
<metadata>
<system_datastore><![CDATA[/opt/opennebula/var/datastores/108/55782]]>
</system_datastore>
</metadata>
</domain>
If I run e.g., spec2017 on the virtual, I can see:
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1350 root 20 0 843136 830068 2524 R 78.1 0.2 513:16.16 bwaves_r_base.m
2456 root 20 0 804608 791264 2524 R 76.6 0.2 491:39.92 bwaves_r_base.m
4631 root 20 0 843136 829892 2344 R 75.8 0.2 450:16.04 bwaves_r_base.m
6441 root 20 0 802580 790212 2532 R 75.0 0.2 120:37.54 bwaves_r_base.m
7991 root 20 0 784676 772092 2576 R 75.0 0.2 387:15.39 bwaves_r_base.m
8142 root 20 0 843136 830044 2496 R 75.0 0.2 384:39.02 bwaves_r_base.m
8234 root 20 0 843136 830064 2524 R 75.0 0.2 99:04.48 bwaves_r_base.m
8578 root 20 0 749240 736604 2468 R 73.4 0.2 375:45.66 bwaves_r_base.m
9974 root 20 0 784676 771984 2468 R 73.4 0.2 348:01.36 bwaves_r_base.m
10396 root 20 0 802580 790264 2576 R 73.4 0.2 340:08.40 bwaves_r_base.m
12932 root 20 0 843136 830024 2480 R 73.4 0.2 288:39.76 bwaves_r_base.m
13113 root 20 0 784676 771864 2348 R 71.9 0.2 284:47.34 bwaves_r_base.m
13518 root 20 0 784676 762816 2540 R 71.9 0.2 276:31.58 bwaves_r_base.m
14443 root 20 0 784676 771984 2468 R 71.9 0.2 260:01.82 bwaves_r_base.m
12791 root 20 0 784676 772060 2544 R 70.3 0.2 291:43.96 bwaves_r_base.m
10544 root 20 0 843136 830068 2520 R 68.8 0.2 336:47.43 bwaves_r_base.m
15464 root 20 0 784676 762880 2608 R 60.9 0.2 239:19.14 bwaves_r_base.m
15487 root 20 0 784676 772048 2532 R 60.2 0.2 238:37.07 bwaves_r_base.m
16824 root 20 0 784676 772120 2604 R 55.5 0.2 212:10.92 bwaves_r_base.m
17255 root 20 0 843136 830012 2468 R 54.7 0.2 203:22.89 bwaves_r_base.m
17962 root 20 0 784676 772004 2488 R 54.7 0.2 188:26.07 bwaves_r_base.m
17505 root 20 0 843136 830068 2520 R 53.1 0.2 198:04.25 bwaves_r_base.m
27767 root 20 0 784676 771860 2344 R 52.3 0.2 592:25.95 bwaves_r_base.m
24458 root 20 0 843136 829888 2344 R 50.8 0.2 658:23.70 bwaves_r_base.m
30746 root 20 0 747376 735160 2604 R 43.0 0.2 556:47.67 bwaves_r_base.m
The CPU TIME should be roughly the same but huge differences are obvious.
This is what I see on the hypervizor:
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
18201 oneadmin 20 0 474.0g 473.3g 1732 S 2459 94.0 33332:54 kvm
369 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 100.0 0.0 768:12.85 kswapd1
368 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 94.1 0.0 869:05.61 kswapd0
i.e., kswapd is eating whole CPU. Swap is turned off.
[root@hde10 ~]# free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 528151432 503432580 1214048 34740 23504804 21907800
Swap: 0 0 0
Hypervisor is
[root@hde10 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
qemu-kvm-1.5.3-156.el7_5.5.x86_64
Virtual is Debian 9.
Moreover, I'm using this type of disks for virtuals:
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<source
file='/opt/opennebula/var/datastores/108/55782/disk.3'/>
<target dev='vde'/>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'
cache='unsafe'/>
</disk>
If I keep cache='unsafe' and if I run iozone test on really big files (e.g.,
8x 100GB), I can see huge cache pressure on the hypervizor - all 8 kswapd are
running on 100 % percent and slowing things down. The disk under datastore is
NVME SSD Intel 4500.
If I set cache='none', kswaps are on idle, disk writes are pretty fast,
however, with 8-NUMA configuration, writes slow down to less than 10MB/s as
soon as the size of written data is roughly the same as memory size in the virtual
node. iozone has 100 % CPU usage thereafter and it seems that it is traversing page
lists. If I do the same with 1-NUMA configuration, everything is ok except
performance penalty about 25 %.
--
Lukáš Hejtmánek
Linux Administrator only because
Full Time Multitasking Ninja
is not an official job title